| Journal: | Desarrollo y sociedad |
| Database: | CLASE |
| System number: | 000373040 |
| ISSN: | 0120-3584 |
| Authors: | Wiesner, Eduardo |
| Year: | 2008 |
| Season: | Ene-Jun |
| Number: | 62 |
| Pages: | 117-160 |
| Country: | Colombia |
| Language: | Español |
| Document type: | Artículo |
| Approach: | Analítico, descriptivo |
| Spanish abstract | Siguiendo un enfoque “Hirschmaniano” este artículo examina crítica - mente varios postulados para establecer su verdadera validez conceptual y su consistencia con las reformas que serian deseables. Se cuestionan “creencias” y “expectativas” sobre temas fiscales, redistributivos y so - bre el papel de las “elites”. Para el caso de Colombia se argumenta que gran parte del gasto social, por haber sido “capturado”, por monopolios de oferta y por una estructura perversa de incentivos, es poco redistri - butivo; donde es mas critico que lo sea, a saber, en generar igualdad de oportunidades iniciales La tesis central es que la ruta para encontrar una compatibilidad de incentivos entre la justicia distributiva, de una parte, y la eficiencia económica, de otra, es a través de asegurar igual - dad de oportunidades iniciales por medio de un gasto publico social efectivamente redistributivo. La garantía de oportunidades iniciales es la que da legitimidad política a los resaltados finales. No hay dicotomía excluyente entre desarrollo y equidad. Lo que hay es incompatibilidad entre incentivos individuales e incentivos colectivos o políticos |
| English abstract | Following a typically “Hirschmanian” approach this article critically examines several policy premises to establish their real validity and relevance for actual policy design and implementation. These include “beliefs” and “expectations” on fiscal and redistributive matters as well as on the developmental role of “elites”. The article argues that in the case of Colombia social public expenditures largely fail to be redis - tributive because a substantial portion has been “captured” by supply monopolies and by “perverse” incentives which drive some of their governance structures. This “redistributive failure” takes place where it matters the most, namely, in assuring equality of initial conditions and opportunities, particularly for the poor. The main policy message is that the way to reconcile distributive justice objectives with the need to maintain economic incentives is through social expenditures that effectively deliver that equality of initial opportunities. This initial equality is what provides political legitimacy to final outcomes. Hence, there is no dichotomy between development and distributive justice. What needs to be reconciled are individual incentives and interests, on the one hand, with incentives in the political and collective markets, on the other. More than a resource restriction condition Colombia faces an incentive compatibility political economy challenge |
| Disciplines: | Economía |
| Keyword: | Desarrollo económico, Equidad, Incentivos, Gasto público, Elites, Hirschman, Albert O, Distribución del ingreso, Colombia |
| Full text: | Texto completo (Ver PDF) |
