Trypanosoma cruzi genetic diversity: impact on transmission cycles and Chagas disease



Título del documento: Trypanosoma cruzi genetic diversity: impact on transmission cycles and Chagas disease
Revue: Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Base de datos: PERIÓDICA
Número de sistema: 000452448
ISSN: 0074-0276
Autores: 1
2
Instituciones: 1Universidade de Sao Paulo, Instituto de Quimica, Sao Paulo. Brasil
2Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Brasil
Año:
Volumen: 117
País: Brasil
Idioma: Inglés
Tipo de documento: Artículo
Enfoque: Analítico, descriptivo
Resumen en inglés Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease (ChD), exhibits remarkable biological and genetic diversity, along with eco-epidemiological complexity. In order to facilitate communication among researchers aiming at the characterisation of biological and epidemiological aspects of T. cruzi, parasite isolates and strains were partitioned into seven discrete typing units (DTUs), TcI-TcVI and TcBat, identifiable by reproducible genotyping protocols. Here we present the potential origin of the genetic diversity of T. cruzi and summarise knowledge about eco-epidemiological associations of DTUs with mammalian reservoirs and vectors. Circumstantial evidence of a connection between T. cruzi genotype and ChD manifestations is also discussed emphasising the role of the host’s immune response in clinical ChD progression. We describe genomic aspects of DTUs focusing on polymorphisms in multigene families encoding surface antigens that play essential functions for parasite survival both in the insect vector and the mammalian host. Such antigens most probably contributed to the parasite success in establishing infections in different hosts and exploring several niches. Gaps in the current knowledge and challenges for future research are pointed out
Disciplinas: Medicina
Palabras clave: Parasitología,
Protozoarios,
Enfermedad de Chagas,
Trypanosoma cruzi,
Distribución geográfica,
Diversidad genética,
Eco-epidemiología,
Variabilidad genómica
Keyword: Parasitology,
Protozoa,
Chagas disease,
Trypanosoma cruzi,
Geographical distribution,
Genetic diversity,
Eco-epidemiology,
Genomic variability
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