| Revista: | Acta de investigación psicológica |
| Base de datos: | |
| Número de sistema: | 000600988 |
| ISSN: | 2007-4832 |
| Autores: | Díaz Loving, Rolando1 Villanueva Bustamante, Marcoantonio1 Pacheco Gómez, Martha Lizbeth1 Díaz Rivera, Paola Eunice1 Baeza Rivera, María José2 |
| Instituciones: | 1Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Psicología, Ciudad de México. México 2Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Cautín. Chile |
| Año: | 2023 |
| Periodo: | Sep-Dic |
| Volumen: | 13 |
| Número: | 3 |
| Paginación: | 49-62 |
| País: | México |
| Idioma: | Español |
| Tipo de documento: | Artículo |
| Resumen en español | El autoconcepto es fundamental para la constitución del individuo, ya que estructura la identidad y establece los elementos básicos del comportamiento. Así, el autoconcepto es una estructura dinámica que cambia su expresión a partir de procesos madurativos y de la influencia de la cultura. Escalas desarrolladas en México se fundamentan en estos antecedentes, sin embargo, no se encuentran actualizadas y no han puesto a prueba su sensibilidad cultural. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue indagar si la escala de autoconcepto se mantiene vigente en México y explorar cómo se expresa en Chile, país en que su abordaje se ha realizado principalmente desde la educación. Para ello se realizaron dos estudios en México y Chile en los que participaron 378 y 161 personas, respectivamente. Ambas muestras presentaron un rango de edad entre los 18-35 años y donde la mayoría poseía estudios de licenciatura. La muestra mexicana presentó una solución compuesta por seis factores, y la chilena por cinco. Aunque estas estructuras factoriales difieren en algunos elementos, resultan ser consistentes con evidencia previa. De este modo, se puede concluir que el autoconcepto es un fenómeno universal que es influenciado en su expresión por la cultura. |
| Resumen en inglés | Self-concept is an element essential for the individual constitution since it structures the identity and sets up the essential elements of behavior. Thus, self-concept is a dynamic structure and changes their expression from intern processes of maturation and the influence of culture. Scales development in Mexico addresses self-concept from this paradigm, but these scales are not updated and have not probed their cultural sensibility. On the other hand, in Chile self-concept has been addressed mostly from an educational perspective. Therefore, the objective of this study was to probe the validity of the self-concept scale in Mexico and explored its expression in Chile. To achieve this objective, two studies were carried out in Mexico and Chile in which 378 and 161 people respectively participated. Both samples presented an age range between 18-35 years, and the majority of them reported having a bachelor’s degree. All participants answered the self-concept scale through a printed questionnaire. In order to obtain evidence for construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses were realized in the Mexican sample; for the Chilean sample, only exploratory factorial analysis was performed. As a result, for the Mexican sample, a solution composed of six factors (emotive negative self-affirming, social affiliative, socio-emotional intelligence, social expressive, passive negative external control, and instrumental-constructive) was found and confirmed. The Chilean sample presented five factors: social expressive, social integration, social affiliative, emotive negative self-affirming, and social negativity. In both samples, the scale presented good internal consistency reliability (α ≥ .885, ω ≥ .90). Although these factorial structures differ in some elements, they share some others (e.g., factors such as social expressive, social affiliative, and emotive negative self-affirming) that are consistent with previous evidence of collectivistic cultures. In this way, it can be concluded that self-concept is a universal phenomenon that is influenced in its expression by culture. |
| Disciplinas: | Psicología |
| Palabras clave: | Autoconcepto, Cultura, Identidad, Muestra mexicana, Muestra chilena, Psicología clínica |
| Keyword: | Self-concept, Culture, Identity, Mexican sample, Chilean sample, Clinical psychology |
| Texto completo: | Texto completo (Ver PDF) Texto completo (Ver HTML) |
