| Journal: | Salus |
| Database: | PERIÓDICA |
| System number: | 000265837 |
| ISSN: | 1316-7138 |
| Authors: | Cannova, Doménica Carolina1 Aguilar, Cruz Manuel Simons, María Isabel |
| Institutions: | 1Universidad de Carabobo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Valencia, Carabobo. Venezuela |
| Year: | 2005 |
| Season: | Abr |
| Volumen: | 9 |
| Number: | 1 |
| Pages: | 30-33 |
| Country: | Venezuela |
| Language: | Español |
| Document type: | Nota breve o noticia |
| Approach: | Descriptivo |
| Spanish abstract | La leishmaniasis visceral (LV) es una protozoosis humana caracterizada clínicamente por síndrome febril prolongado hepatoesplenomegalia, anemia y pérdida progresiva de peso. En América afecta principalmente a niños de 5 años pudiendo causar la muerte, por lo cual es necesario contar con procedimientos confiables para el diagnóstico precoz. Entre 1989 y 2003, el Laboratorio de Leishmaniasis del Departamento de Parasitología (FCS-UC) Valencia, ha abordado el diagnóstico de LV, en pacientes sospechosos. El protocolo diagnóstico consideró los criterios: epidemiológico, cl ínico, serológico (ELISA) y demostración directa del parásito, por extendido de médula ósea (MO) coloreado con Giemsa e inoculación de MO en hámster. Se consideró como caso de LV a todo paciente con diagnóstico parasitológico positivo o tener al menos 3 de los otros criterios. De los 118 evaluados, 23 cumplieron los criterios diagnósticos para LV. El método de ELISA detectó 95,7%, extendido de MO 91,3%, e inoculación en hámster 70%. El 78,3% procedieron de áreas endémicas conocidas de LV; 43,5% en menores de 10 años. El número de casos por año presentó un patrón hipoendémico, no cíclico. El presente estudio ratifica la importancia de la integración de criterios para garantizar un diagnóstico eficaz precoz, con el fin de iniciar tratamiento y evitar complicaciones. Además contribuye a documentar la morbilidad e importancia de LV en el país |
| English abstract | Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a human protozoosis clinically characterized by fever, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, anemia, and progressive loss of weight. In America, it is a life-threatening disease that mainly affects 5 yearolds. For this reason, reliable procedures for early diagnosis are needed. From 1989 to 2003, VL diagnosis, in referred patients from different health centers, has been systematically approached at the Leishmaniasis Laboratory of the University of Carabobo’s Parasitology Department in Valencia. The diagnosis protocol considered the following criteria: epidemiologic, clinical, serological (ELISA) and direct demonstration of the parasite, from Giemsa-colored bone marrow (BM) smear, and indirectly through BM inoculation in hamster. All patients with a positive parasitological diagnosis were considered as VL cases; in the absence of this, it was necessary to meet at least 3 of the other established criteria. Out of the 118 examined patients, 23 complied with the diagnosis criteria for VL. Most cases were detected through the ELISA method (95.7%), followed by BM smear (91.3%), and inoculation in hamster (70%). 78.3% of the patients either were from known LV endemic areas or reported an epidemiological history of LV; 43.5% were children between 1 and 10 years of age. The number of cases per year presented a hypo endemic, non recurrent, pattern. This study underlines the importance of integrating criteria in order to ensure an early effective diagnosis in order to start treatment and avoid complications. In addition, it will contribute to document LV morbility |
| Disciplines: | Medicina, Biología |
| Keyword: | Diagnóstico, Salud pública, Parasitología, Leishmaniasis visceral, Venezuela |
| Keyword: | Medicine, Biology, Diagnosis, Public health, Parasitology, Visceral leishmaniasis, Venezuela |
| Full text: | Texto completo (Ver HTML) |
