| Journal: | Revista mexicana de ciencias geológicas |
| Database: | PERIÓDICA |
| System number: | 000322962 |
| ISSN: | 1026-8774 |
| Authors: | Obeidat, Mutewekil M1 Ahmad, Fayez Y2 Hamouri, Nezar A2 Massadeh, Adnan M3 Athamneh, Faisal S1 |
| Institutions: | 1Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Irbid. Jordania 2Hashemite University, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Zarqa. Jordania 3Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Irbid. Jordania |
| Year: | 2008 |
| Season: | Dic |
| Volumen: | 25 |
| Number: | 3 |
| Pages: | 426-437 |
| Country: | México |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Document type: | Artículo |
| Approach: | Experimental, analítico |
| Spanish abstract | La contaminación del agua subterránea por fuentes puntuales y no puntuales es uno de los mayores problemas para los recursos de agua en Jordania. Se colectaron 106 muestras de agua subterránea de 26 manantiales cársticos que emanan del acuífero Umm Rijam y de tres pozos que drenan el acuífero Amman-Wadi As Sir, y se investigaron sus concentraciones de NO3 -. Los resultados mostraron que la concentración de NO3 - en agua de manantiales está en el rango de 8 mg/L a 192 mg/L, con un promedio de 33 mg/L. Setenta y siete porciento de las muestras colectadas en manantiales tuvieron concentraciones de nitrato que exceden el valor límite de 20 mg/L de fuentes antropogénicas, y ocho porciento de las muestras colectadas tuvieron concentraciones de nitrato mayores que 50 mg/L, la concentración máxima de nitrato permisible para agua potable. Aproximadamente el 8% de los manantiales muestreados tuvieron concentraciones de nitrato mayores que 20 mg/L. El análisis de conglomerados por el método de los centroides (‘K-means cluster analysis’) reveló la presencia de tres conglomerados mayores. Los datos fueron analizados por la posible presencia de valores discordantes empleando el programa de cómputo no publicado UDASYS de Verma y Díaz-González. Existe una amplia variación espacial en la concentración de nitrato en agua de manantial. El monitoreo de la calidad del agua de esos manantiales mostró que las concentraciones más bajas de nitrato se encontraron en la estación de lluvias (enero, febrero y diciembre), mientras que las concentraciones más altas se encontraron en la estación seca (agosto y septiembre). La concentración de nitrato en el acuífero Amman-Wadi As Sir varía entre <1 mg/L y 19.2 mg/L, con un promedio de 9.8 mg/L |
| English abstract | Contamination of groundwater from point and non-point sources is one of the major problems of water resources in Jordan. Altogether one hundred and six groundwater samples were collected from twenty six karst springs emerging from Umm Rijam aquifer and three wells tapping Amman-Wadi As Sir aquifer, and investigated for NO3 - concentrations. Results showed that NO3 - concentration in spring water ranged from 8 to 192 mg/L with an average of 33 mg/L. Seventy seven percent of the samples collected from the springs had nitrate concentrations exceeding the threshold value of 20 mg/L of anthropogenic source, and eight percent of the samples collected had nitrate concentrations higher than 50 mg/L, the maximum acceptable nitrate concentration for drinking water. About eighty percent of the sampled springs had nitrate concentrations higher than 20 mg/L. The K-means cluster analysis performed on the collected samples revealed the presence of three major clusters. The data were processed for the possible presence of discordant outliers using the unpublished computer program UDASYS by Verma and Díaz-González. There is a wide spatial variation in the nitrate concentration in spring water. Monitoring the water quality of these springs showed that the lowest concentrations of nitrate were found in the wet season (January, February, and December), while the highest concentrations were found in the dry season (August, September). Nitrate concentration in Amman-Wadi As Sir aquifer ranges from <1 mg/L to 19.2 mg/L, with an average of 9.8 mg/L. Untreated domestic wastewater is most probably the major source of the nitrate in the spring water, as the study area is not served with sewer system, and domestic wastewater is collected in cesspools dug in the kartsed Umm Rijam Formation. Moreover, in the area under consideration there are no major industries or intensive agricultural activities |
| Disciplines: | Geociencias |
| Keyword: | Hidrología, Mineralogía, petrología y geoquímica, Nitratos, Minerales, Carst, Aguas residuales, Acuíferos, Jordania |
| Keyword: | Earth sciences, Hydrology, Mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry, Nitrates, Minerals, Karst, Waste water, Aquifers, Jordan |
| Full text: | Texto completo (Ver PDF) |
