Silent circulation of Chikungunya virus among pregnant women and newborns in the Western Brazilian Amazon before the first outbreak of chikungunya fever
Document title: Silent circulation of Chikungunya virus among pregnant women and newborns in the Western Brazilian Amazon before the first outbreak of chikungunya fever
Journal: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo
Database:
System number: 000547845
ISSN: 0036-4665
Authors: 1
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Institutions: 1Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo, São Paulo. Brasil
2Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, São Paulo, São Paulo. Brasil
3Universidade Católica de Santos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Santos, São Paulo. Brasil
4Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Floresta, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre. Brasil
5Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Global Health and Population, Boston, Massachusetts. Estados Unidos
6Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo, São Paulo. Brasil
7Weill Cornell Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York, New York. Estados Unidos
Year:
Volumen: 64
Country: Brasil
Language: Inglés
English abstract The prevalence of immunity to Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in pregnant women and newborns in the Western Brazilian Amazon was assessed at a time when previous studies did not report chikungunya fever in the area. In 435 asymptomatic pregnant women and 642 healthy unrelated newborns, the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies to CHIKV were determined by a commercial ELISA. All participants were negative to IgM anti-CHIKV. Anti-CHIKV IgG was identified in 41 (9.4%) pregnant women and 66 (10.3%) newborns. The presence of anti-CHIKV IgG was positively associated with the lowest socioeconomic status in pregnant women (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.15-5.62, p=0.021) and in the newborns’ mothers (OR 5.10, 95% CI 2.15-12.09, p< 0.001). Anti-CHIKV IgG was also associated with maternal age in both, the pregnant women (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.11, p=0.037) and the newborns’mothers (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03-1.12, p=0.001). Pregnancy outcomes in which the mother or the newborn was anti-CHIKV IgG positive proceeded normally. Negative CHIKV serology was associated with being positive for DENV antibodies and having had malaria during pregnancy. These findings showed that there was already a silent circulation of CHIKV in this Amazon region before the first outbreak of chikungunya fever. Furthermore, seropositivity for CHIKV was surprisingly frequent (10%) in both, pregnant women and newborns, affecting mainly low-income women.
Keyword: CHIKV,
Seroprevalence,
Asymptomatic infection,
IgG antibodies,
Pregnancy,
Neonates,
Amazon region
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