| Journal: | Investigaciones geográficas - Instituto de Geografía. UNAM |
| Database: | PERIÓDICA |
| System number: | 000408290 |
| ISSN: | 0188-4611 |
| Authors: | Núñez Gómez, Juan Carlos1 Ramos Reyes, Rodimiro1 Barba Macías, Everardo2 Espinoza Tenorio, Alejandro2 Gama Campillo, Lilia María2 |
| Institutions: | 1El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Villahermosa, Tabasco. México 2Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División de Ciencias Biológicas, Villahermosa, Tabasco. México |
| Year: | 2016 |
| Season: | Dic |
| Number: | 91 |
| Pages: | 70-85 |
| Country: | México |
| Language: | Español |
| Document type: | Artículo |
| Approach: | Analítico, descriptivo |
| Spanish abstract | El incremento del nivel del mar es un evento extremo que impactará gravemente las zonas costeras bajas, como es el caso de Tabasco. A nivel nacional la costa tabasqueña es de los sitios más vulnerables ante tal evento, por lo que es necesario estimar localmente el grado de su vulnerabilidad. Por ello, en este estudio se estimó esa vulnerabilidad mediante la aplicación de la metodología del Indice de Vulnerabilidad Costera utilizando Sistemas de Información Geográfica. Este modelo se ajustó a las condiciones locales de la costa tabasqueña, dado que los datos que exigen las variables que integran la metodología (olas, mareas, nivel del mar, pendiente costera, tasas de erosión y geomorfología) estaban disponibles para el área de estudio, y así contar con la oportunidad de encontrar datos locales del grado de vulnerabilidad de la costa. De acuerdo con los resultados encontrados, tras realizar un álgebra de mapas, los sectores con mayor vulnerabilidad se encuentran justamente frente a los sistemas lagunares costeros más importantes del estado, Carmen-Pajonal Machona y Mecoacán, este último con un mayor grado de vulnerabilidad. Es importante destacar que dicha área se encuentra dentro de la zona de influencia del puerto de Dos Bocas, donde la actividad antropogénica es muy notable. Los datos encontrados serán útiles para la toma de decisiones para el manejo del espacio costero de Tabasco |
| English abstract | Sea level rise is one of the most serious events that will impact low-lying lands, as is the case of most of Tabasco State. Historically, the State of Tabasco has been repeatedly impacted by extreme floods, the most recent one occurring in 2007. However, recent studies have shown that coastal erosion is the effect that most directly has impacted the Tabasco's coastline, as this has even modified soil strata; this is also related to extreme hydrometeorological events associated with environmental changes and changes in the salinity gradient off the coast. In such a situation, future changes in the coastline are almost certain. Tabasco's coastline has been recognized as one of the most vulnerable zones in the country since Mexico's first national communication to the UNFCCC in 1997. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the vulnerability of this zone. The purpose of this study was to estimate the vulnerability of the Tabasco's coastline by applying the coastal vulnerability index method (IVM) using a geographic information system (GIS). This method has been successfully applied in several different places around the world including Canada, the United State, Spain and Indonesia. This model is suitable for the local conditions of Tabasco coast, as the input variables it requires (including waves, tides, sea level, coastal slope, erosion rates and geomorphology) are available for the study area, thus allowing the possibility of estimating the coast's vulnerability based on local data. Results from map algebra operations showed that the zones of very high or high vulnerability encompass a six-kilometer stretch around the Sánchez Magallanes community, near the del Carmen lagoon in the municipality of H. Cárdenas, Tabasco. This is due to the high-waves regime and other conditions associated to the coastal dune geomorphology as well as the unconsolidated fine sediments prevailing therein. Other high vulnerability zones |
| Disciplines: | Geografía, Geociencias |
| Keyword: | Geografía física, Oceanografía, Vulnerabilidad costera, Nivel del mar, Costas, Tabasco, México |
| Keyword: | Geography, Earth sciences, Physical geography, Oceanography, Coastal vulnerability, Sea level, Coasts, Tabasco, Mexico |
| Full text: | Texto completo (Ver PDF) |
