| Journal: | Brazilian journal of medical and biological research |
| Database: | PERIÓDICA |
| System number: | 000349516 |
| ISSN: | 0100-879X |
| Authors: | Aschner, M1 Syversen, T2 Souza, D.O3 Rocha, J.B.T4 Farina, M5 |
| Institutions: | 1Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee. Estados Unidos de América 2Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Trondheim, Sor-Trondelag. Noruega 3Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Brasil 4Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Brasil 5Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina. Brasil |
| Year: | 2007 |
| Season: | Mar |
| Volumen: | 40 |
| Number: | 3 |
| Pages: | 285-291 |
| Country: | Brasil |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Document type: | Artículo |
| Approach: | Experimental, aplicado |
| English abstract | This review addresses the mechanisms of methylmercury (MeHg)-induced neurotoxicity, specifically examining the role of oxidative stress in mediating neuronal damage. A number of critical findings point to a central role for astrocytes in mediating MeHg-induced neurotoxicity as evidenced by the following observations: a) MeHg preferentially accumulates in astrocytes; b) MeHg specifically inhibits glutamate uptake in astrocytes; c) neuronal dysfunction is secondary to disturbances in astrocytes. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by MeHg has been observed in various experimental paradigms. For example, MeHg enhances ROS formation both in vivo (rodent cerebellum) and in vitro (isolated rat brain synaptosomes), as well as in neuronal and mixed reaggregating cell cultures. Antioxidants, including selenocompounds, can rescue astrocytes from MeHg-induced cytotoxicity by reducing ROS formation. We emphasize that oxidative stress plays a significant role in mediating MeHg-induced neurotoxic damage with active involvement of the mitochondria in this process. Furthermore, we provide a mechanistic overview on oxidative stress induced by MeHg that is triggered by a series of molecular events such as activation of various kinases, stress proteins and other immediate early genes culminating in cell damage |
| Disciplines: | Medicina |
| Keyword: | Neurología, Toxicología, Metilmercurio, Neurotoxicidad, Glutamato, Astrocitos, Selenio, Estrés oxidativo, Especies reactivas de oxígeno |
| Keyword: | Medicine, Neurology, Toxicology, Methylmercury, Neurotoxicity, Glutamate, Astrocytes, Selenium, Oxidative stress, Oxygen reactive species |
| Full text: | Texto completo (Ver HTML) |
