Implications oj consumption and ecological knowledge on the management oj marine turtles the n Northern coast of Sao Paulo, Brazil



Document title: Implications oj consumption and ecological knowledge on the management oj marine turtles the n Northern coast of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Journal: Bioikos
Database: PERIÓDICA
System number: 000336606
ISSN: 0102-9568
Authors:
1
Institutions: 1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Botanica, Ecologia e Zoologia, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. Brasil
Year:
Season: Jul-Dic
Volumen: 24
Number: 2
Pages: 95-104
Country: Brasil
Language: Inglés
Document type: Artículo
Approach: Experimental, analítico
English abstract Traditional fishing communities usually have an ecological understanding of the resources they exploit, even if they are not the main target of fishing. Given that cultural and individual features of the sources of information could influence the consumption of the catch and the related understanding, it is expected that the older fishermen have a greater ecological understanding and a more ingrained eating behavior. The goal of this study was to gather information in five fishing communities in Ubatuba (SP) where marine turtles are commonly caught in gill nets, in order to answer the following questions: i) is there a difference in turtle eating among communities? ii) is turtle consumption influenced by socioeconomic characteristics; and iii) does the ecological perception depend on the socioeconomic characteristics of the interviewees / sources of information? It was found that turtle consumption was different and inversely related to reports of turtle entanglement presented to Tamar - the Marine Turtle Conservation Project (Pearson r=-0.9; p<0.05) and seems to be determined by the distance from the coast where entanglement occurs, by turtle mortality and the duration of entanglement (and not by socioeconomic features). Age, level of education and length of fishing experience influenced ecological knowledge of marine turtles. This result is contrary to the premise that older and more experienced fishermen should have greater ecological wisdom. This knowledge, greater for younger and more educated fishermen, was principally concerned with turtle feeding, since Ubatuba is mainly a feeding ground for marine turtles and is not an area of reproduction
Portuguese abstract Comunidades pesqueiras tradicionais, em geral, possuem conhecimento ecológico sobre os recursos explorados, ainda que eles não sejam alvo da pescaria. Uma vez que características pessoais e culturais podem determinar o consumo das capturas e o conhecimento a ela relacionado, espera-se que pescadores mais velhos possuam maior conhecimento e hábitos de consumo mais arraigados. Esse trabalho objetivou coletar informações em cinco comunidades de pescadores do litoral norte de São Paulo, onde existe o emalhe de tartarugas marinhas para testar se: i) há diferença no consumo de tartaruga marinha; ii) características socioeconômicas determinam este consumo; e iii) a percepção ecológica depende de características socioeconômicas dos entrevistados/informantes. O consumo de tartarugas marinhas é distinto e inversamente correlacionado ao relato do emalhe das tartarugas ao Tamar (Pearson r=-0,9; p<0,05) e parece ser influenciado pela distância da costa em que a captura deste animal ocorre (e não por fatores socioeconômicos). A idade, escolaridade e anos de pesca determinaram o conhecimento ecológico sobre as tartarugas marinhas, de forma que pescadores mais jovens e com mais anos de estudo conhecem mais sobre alimentação, visto que Ubatuba é área de forrageio desta espécie e não de ciclos reprodutivos. Esse resultado contrariou as premissas de que os pescadores mais velhos com mais anos de pesca teriam maior conhecimento ecológico. Embora haja o emalhe de tartarugas nas redes de pesca em todas as comunidades, no Itaguá e Cedro este emalhe caracteriza um by-catch, já que os animais capturados são soltos após registro pela equipe do Tamar
Disciplines: Biología
Keyword: Anfibios y reptiles,
Ecología,
Pesca,
Captura accidental,
Tortugas marinas,
Comunidades rurales,
Brasil,
Fauna de acompañamiento
Keyword: Biology,
Amphibians and reptiles,
Ecology,
Fish,
Marine turtles,
Incidental catch,
Rural communities,
Bycatch,
Brazil,
Fisheries
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