Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the impact of methylphenidate on working memory, inhibition capacity and mental flexibility



Document title: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the impact of methylphenidate on working memory, inhibition capacity and mental flexibility
Journal: Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria
Database: PERIÓDICA
System number: 000408136
ISSN: 0004-282X
Authors: 1
1
2
3
1
1
Institutions: 1Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Sao Paulo. Brasil
2Universidade de Sao Paulo, Instituto de Matematica e Estatistica, Sao Paulo. Brasil
3Centro Universitario de Maringa, Maringa, Parana. Brasil
Year:
Season: Abr
Volumen: 75
Number: 4
Pages: 204-208
Country: Brasil
Language: Inglés
Document type: Artículo
Approach: Experimental, caso clínico
English abstract Objective To compare children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), before and after the use of methylphenidate, and a control group, using tests of working memory, inhibition capacity and mental flexibility. Methods Neuropsychological tests were administrated to 53 boys, 9–12 years old: the WISC-III digit span backward, and arithmetic; Stroop Color; and Trail Making Tests. The case group included 23 boys with ADHD, who were combined type, treatment-naive, and with normal intelligence without comorbidities. The control group (n = 30) were age and gender matched. After three months on methylphenidate, the ADHD children were retested. The control group was also retested after three months. Results Before treatment, ADHD children had lower scores than the control group on the tests (p ≤ 0.001) and after methylphenidate had fewer test errors than before (p ≤ 0.001) Conclusion Methylphenidate treatment improves the working memory, inhibitory control and mental flexibility of ADHD boys
Portuguese abstract Objetivo Comparar crianças com transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (TDAH) com controles, utilizando testes de memória de trabalho, capacidade inibitória e flexibilidade mental, em meninos de 9 a 12 anos. Métodos Testes neuropsicológicos administrados: teste de ordem inversa dos dígitos, teste aritmético (WISC-III), Teste Stroop e Teste de Trilhas. Grupo experimental meninos (n=23), com TDAH combinado, virgens de tratamento, inteligência normal sem comorbidades. Grupo controle (n = 30) com as mesmas características do grupo experimental em termos de idade e sexo. Após três meses com metilfenidato, os grupos TDAH e controle foram novamente testadas. Resultados Antes do tratamento, as crianças com TDAH apresentaram menor pontuação do que o grupo controle nos testes analisados (p≤ 0.001) e o grupo com TDAH apresentou menos erros nos testes após metilfenidato (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusão O tratamento com metilfenidato melhora a memória de trabalho, controle inibitório e flexibilidade mental de meninos com TDAH
Disciplines: Medicina
Keyword: Farmacología,
Neurología,
Trastorno por déficit de atención,
Hiperactividad,
Memoria de trabajo,
Metilfenidato
Keyword: Medicine,
Neurology,
Pharmacology,
Attention deficit disorder,
Hyperactivity,
Working memory,
Methylphenidate
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