| Revista: | Acta comportamentalia |
| Base de datos: | |
| Número de sistema: | 000574655 |
| ISSN: | 0188-8145 |
| Autores: | Luiz, Lucas Vaz1 Lopes, Carlos Eduardo1 |
| Instituciones: | 1Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná. Brasil |
| Año: | 2022 |
| Volumen: | 30 |
| Número: | 4 |
| País: | México |
| Idioma: | Español |
| Tipo de documento: | Artículo |
| Resumen en inglés | In his work, Skinner presented the notion of face-to-face control as a political thesis since it would be an alternative to institutional control, i.e., the social control executed by controlling agencies. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the notion of face-to-face control was discussed throughout Skinner"s work, evaluating the potential and limits of that political proposal. Thirteen texts in which Skinner used the term "face to face" as a specific form of social control were selected and examined. The analyzes showed that the notion of face-to-face control appears repeatedly in opposition to the control played by agencies like government and religion, where rules and laws predominate. In the material analyzed, Walden Two appeared as the main example of a society ordered by face-to-face control, although the expression "face-to-face" was not found in the book published in 1948. The defense of face-to-face control as an alternative to controlling agencies brings Skinner closer to anarchism; that approximation was recognized by Skinner when he called himself a benign anarchist and claim Walden Two as an anarchic community. According to Skinner, the size of the group and imbalance in power relations would be limitations to face-to-face control. Faced with those limitations Skinner mentions psychotherapy as an effective example of face-to-face control in the real world. The paper highlights two main conclusions. First, when Skinner takes Walden Two as an example, approaches to anarchism are problematic; Walden Two is a technocracy and anarchism does not consider that kind of social organization is legitimate. Second, the feasibility of face-to-face control as a transformative policy proposal is quite questionable since the only "real" example mentioned by Skinner is psychotherapy, a controlling agency that bears the same risks as all institutional control; therapeutic relationship can turn an imbalance, especially when the process is successful and the therapist is able to manipulate relevant variables that control the client"s behavior. These questions do not mean to be against the face-to-face control thesis but emphasize the need to always contextualize it in a "concrete" analysis of society, which considers power relations at the micro and macro-political levels. It is about problematizing the scope and effectiveness of face-to-face control in the different contexts of behavior analysts" actions. |
| Resumen en español | Na obra de Skinner a noção de controle face a face aparece como uma tese política quando é apresentada como alternativa ao controle institucional. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como essa noção foi empregado ao longo da obra skinneriana, avaliando as potencialidades e limites dessa proposta política. Para tanto, foram examinados treze textos em que Skinner empregou o termo "face to face" como forma específica de controle social. As análises mostraram que, reiteradamente, a noção de controle face a face aparece como oposição ao controle promovido por agências, no qual predominam regras. No material analisado, Walden Two apareceu como exemplo de sociedade ordenada pelo controle face a face, embora a expressão "face to face" não tenha sido encontrada no livro de 1948. A defesa do controle face a face aproxima Skinner do anarquismo, o que foi reconhecido pelo próprio autor. O tamanho do grupo e o desequilíbrio em relações de poder foram mencionados por Skinner como limitações para o controle face a face. Conclui-se que: i) quando se toma Walden Two como exemplo, as aproximações com o anarquismo são problemáticas; ii) a viabilidade do controle face a face como proposta política transformadora é questionável. |
| Disciplinas: | Psicología |
| Palabras clave: | controle face a face, agências controladoras, controle social, B. F. Skinner, política, Psicología clínica, Psicología social |
| Keyword: | face-to-face control, controlling agencies, social control, B. F. Skinner, politics, Clinical psychology, Social psychology |
| Texto completo: | Texto completo (Ver PDF) |
