| Revista: | Revista brasileira de psiquiatria |
| Base de datos: | PERIÓDICA |
| Número de sistema: | 000280507 |
| ISSN: | 1516-4446 |
| Autors: | Cammarota, Martín1 Bevilaqua, Lia R.M Vianna, Monica R.M2 Medina, Jorge H3 Izquierdo, Ivan |
| Institucions: | 1Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Pesquisas Biomedicas, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Brasil 2Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Biologia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Brasil 3Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires. Argentina |
| Any: | 2007 |
| Període: | Mar |
| Volum: | 29 |
| Número: | 1 |
| Paginació: | 80-85 |
| País: | Brasil |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Tipo de documento: | Artículo |
| Enfoque: | Experimental |
| Resumen en inglés | OBJECTIVE: Through association, a large variety of stimuli acquire the property of signaling pleasant or aversive events. Pictures of a wedding or of a plane disaster may serve as cues to recall these events and/or others of a similar nature or emotional tone. Presentation of the cues unassociated with the events, particularly if repeated, reduces the tendency to retrieve the original learning based on that association. This attenuation of the expression of a learned response was discovered by Pavlov 100 years ago, who called it extinction. In this article we review some of the most recent findings about the behavioral and biochemical properties of extinction. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: It has been shown that extinction is a new learning based on a new link formed by the cues and the absence of the original event(s) which originated the first association Extinction does not consist of the erasure of the original memory, but of an inhibition of its retrieval: the original response reappears readily if the former association is reiterated, or if enough time is allowed to pass (spontaneous recovery). Extinction requires neural activity, signaling pathways, gene expression and protein synthesis in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and/or basolateral amygdala, hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and eventually other areas. The site or sites of extinction vary with the task. CONCLUSIONS: Extinction was advocated by Freud in the 1920's for the treatment of phobias, and is used in cognitive therapy to treat diseases that rely on conditioned fear (phobias, panic, and particularly posttraumatic stress disorder). The treatment of learned fear disorders with medications is still unsatisfactory although some have been shown useful when used as adjuncts to behavioral therapy |
| Resumen en portugués | a resposta destes pacientes ao tratamento farmacológico ainda não é satisfatória |
| Disciplines | Medicina |
| Paraules clau: | Farmacología, Psiquiatría, Terapéutica y rehabilitación, Recuerdo, Miedo, Extinción, Memoria, Aprendizaje, Condicionamiento, Biología molecular |
| Keyword: | Medicine, Pharmacology, Psychiatry, Therapeutics and rehabilitation, Recall, Fear, Extinction, Memory, Learning, Conditioning, Molecular biology |
| Text complet: | Texto completo (Ver HTML) |
