Envejecimiento y urbanización: implicaciones de dos procesos coincidentes



Document title: Envejecimiento y urbanización: implicaciones de dos procesos coincidentes
Journal: Investigaciones geográficas - Instituto de Geografía. UNAM
Database: PERIÓDICA
System number: 000402344
ISSN: 0188-4611
Authors: 1
1
Institutions: 1Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Departamento de Geografía Humana, Madrid. España
Year:
Season: Abr
Number: 89
Pages: 58-73
Country: México
Language: Español
Document type: Artículo
Approach: Analítico, descriptivo
Spanish abstract El proceso de envejecimiento de la población iniciado en el último tercio del siglo XX en los países más desarrollados, se está extendiendo al resto del mundo en el siglo XXI, coincidiendo con la creciente urbanización del planeta que afecta igualmente a todos los territorios, aunque con diferencias patentes entre los países más y menos desarrollados. En este trabajo se revisan las interacciones de envejecimiento y urbanización y algunas de sus implicaciones en la sociedad. Se centra en la situación actualde las personas mayores que cada vez suponen más altas proporciones de la población de cada país y que afrontan grandes dificultades en su día a día, derivadas de sus limitaciones personales, a las que se añaden las múltiples barreras urbanas de unas ciudades pensadas para la población joven y sana
English abstract Population ageing and urbanization are two global trends that together comprise major forces shaping the 21st century. At the same time as cities are growing, their share of residents aged 65 years and more is increasing. The world is currently experiencing two major demographic transitions: the ageing of populations and urbanization. The trend in today's planetary human society is restructuring throughout two fundamental and simultaneous processes with serious socio-economic implications. The urban environment influences the health and quality of older people's life. By 2050, more than two-thirds of the world's population will be living in cities. And, at least, a quarter of urban populations will be aged 65 and over, with significant implications for urban planning and development. Increasingly, cities will need to balance their role as drivers of economic development with responsibilities for improving the quality life of elderly people. In 2015, worldwide, 8 percent of the population is over 65 years and in the most developed and urbanized countries the percentage raises to 17 percent. Between 1950 and 2015, the total world population increased by 191 percent. However, in the same period, the population of older people rose by a much larger proportion. Between 1950 and 2000 the proportion of those over 65 grew by 218 percent and the population of people aged 80 or more by 386 percent. In the last fifteen years this process has intensified even more. Currently, developed countries have the greatest proportion of elders, but in a few decades many developing countries will reach the same levels of aging. In 2015 the percentage in Latin America reached 7 percent while in the European Union it is 19 percent. In an attempt to diversify the long interval between the onset of aging and increasingly advanced centenarian ages, for testing purposes, this broad age group has been disaggregated into three
Disciplines: Geografía
Keyword: Geografía humana,
Envejecimiento,
Soledad,
Vulnerabilidad,
Movilidad,
Dependencia,
Urbanización
Keyword: Geography,
Human geography,
Aging,
Loneliness,
Vulnerability,
Mobility,
Dependence,
Urbanization
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